PSG has now won the prestigious trophy on 14 different occasions.
The Parisian giants needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the match between the French league winners and the French Cup winners after Ousmane Dembele opened the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille fired twice late to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking twist of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a crucial leveler in the final moments to send the contest into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and the young talent all converted successfully for PSG to seal a 4-1 penalty win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this competition for the 12th time in the last thirteen years.